Digital Games

Digital Games

Laws
Games are the same as all media they have copyright laws. But games copyrights include: artwork, music, animations, characters, voice-overs and then whatever else goes into making a game. There are a very detailed games which usually have no copyright in but other games which are less detailed have the same sort of content and music and can have a lot of copyright.
Clearances
The producers of digital games have to ask permission if they want to use locations or different images in their game. An example of this is Red Dead Redemption 2. This game has taken so many years to make and is a very well made and detailed game. They have people who have to go out and take pictures of different landscapes then get permission for it. Games clearances are much more harder than all the other types of media.
Trade Unions and Professional Bodies

PEGI stands for pan european game information. This is the regulatory body that regulates video games. They follow the same principles as the BBFC.

The ratings are:

Parental Guidance

Appropriate for ages rated 3+

Appropriate for ages rates 7+

Appropriate for ages rated  12+

Appropriate for ages rated 16+

Appropriate for ages rated 18+

Personnel
There is many different personnel when making a game. There are audio engineers who create the sounds and sound effects as well as the music which can be heard in the game, There are testers who are people who test the product to see whether the game has any bugs or faults and whether it needs to be fixed. There are game programmers that make the game work and code and script the game. There is Artist and modellers who design most of the game such as characters and backgrounds.

The rest of digital games is similar to film.

Audio

Audio

Regulators

Regulations in music are similar to film. But music is audio and isn't something you can see so there's much less regulations needed. When a music video is made that is when the regulations are hard. In music and audio only the lyrics and words used as well as the meaning of the song are regulated. For example if a song on apple music had rude or explicit lyrics it will be marked as an explicit song.

Clearances
Audio and music are the most copyrighted section in pre-production. If a piece of music is copyrighted into a project, whoever created this project can be fined a hefty fine. Most of the time the creators of the project have to get permission from the producer of the music. Also the music or audio which is being used might not be the full track and could be only samples of it but that can still be copyrighted anyway and the creator of the project will have to be careful about what they use.

Personnel
The crew is the same as TV and Film. There is the crew who create the audio and sound and then there is the artist who either plays the music for the audio or for example sings or raps a song. The only department they need is the sound section. If they make a music video then they will need to hire the same amount of personnel as you would need if you were making a film.

Facilities

There isn't much crew involved in facilities when making or recording a song. It is usually only a recording booth and an editing room.

Location

Usually the recording of a song or audio will be inside so its usually done in a recording booth, but if they want to record outside they will need to get permission to record in that location. They might record outside to get natural sounds or sounds to match a music video.

Time

If the producers need to hire out equipment then they need to return it by the deadline. So they will have to record it by the time they have to hand the equipment back. They might need to hire crew as well. If you don't have your own equipment it could be harder to record if you have to hire stuff out.

Materials Required
The equipment for audio is the same to most of the other media types. Equipment needed is, a computer, microphones, headphones, cables, wires and musical instruments. All of the equipment can create a song or a piece of music which the producers want to make.

TV

LOA Funding for TV:

A private funding is when the sole director finances the tv show or when a fundraiser or event ends up raising money for the show.  An example of a TV show which is privately funded is Riverdale. Riverdale is shown on Netflix which is a private company not owned by the government or a regional agency.  Sponsorships can also be a way for funding a private project. Crowdfunding is when you get the public to help fund it, an example of a crowdfunder is kickstarter. The aim is to raise a large amount of money from many different people who put a little bit in at a time. Crowdfunding is a good source of funding as it means many people can  help chip in and fund your project. Riverdale brought in around $60M for spending.

A public funding is when the government or national and regional agencies pay for TV shows to be made. The money is provided for the director of the TV show.  An example of a public funded agency is the BBC the government owns BBC and has made multiple different TV shows. An example of TV shows are Match of the day, Luther and the Apprentice.  These shows are funded by BBC who are there own agency but are owned by the government.  

A joint finance is when a  TV show is financed by more than one business or agency and this could involve private or public agencies. An example of a joint financed project is a TV show called the Agency which was produced and financed by Universal Television and Shaun cassidy productions. Joint financing is good because if you are a director who has written a storyline and you haven't got the total fund for the project you can team up with an agency who can help out and fund for some of the project.

Unit 4 LOA Logistics:

What are the key stages of funding film in an industry?

One of the key stages in funding a TV show is time. When funding for a TV show you have to think of your deadlines for filming and paying for equipment and personnel. You need to also think about the availability of equipment and personnel. You need to have equipment to film and you need to make sure you have enough time to acquire or use the equipment. Also you need to make sure you can get the right personnel who are able to film, edit, produce and act when you need them to. Another key stage of funding a TV show is facilities. You need to have the right facilities for your production equipment otherwise you won't be able to use it. Production business, house and studio or a production team provide the works for films. The cost of facilities will need to be looked at and payed for in advance. Location is another key stage of funding a TV show because you need to make sure it's not too far away and that it is where the weather will affect filming as well as paying for the cost of the place you are buying or hiring. When filming in a location you need to make sure that you can book out different locations to film each scene for a number of episodes in a series. You need to look at the risks involved in different locations as you need to pay for anything dangerous that happens or to fix anything that could be a risk to anyone. Personnel is another key stage in funding a TV show. You need to pay for technical crew, actors, extras and contributors as well as paying for training for anyone who needs it. Also you need to fund computer software to be able to edit and produce TV shows.

Unit 4 LOA Codes of Practice and Regulations:

Copyright/Copyright Clearances

Copyright in TV shows are similar to films copyright laws. TV shows cannot protect the name or screenplay of the show but the script can be copyrighted. Copyright in TV shows production is when a legal right is given to the originator of a film for a certain amount of time. The originator has exclusive rights to determine whether the original work they created can be used by others. Copyright protects the visual images and sounds from a TV show. Visual images, sound recordings, music and dramatic works in a TV show are all copyrighted too. If you are guilty of breaking copyright laws then you will be ordered to pay damages or pay legal fees. The statutory damages can be a fine from £200-£150,000.  Copyright is needed in the TV industry because if you didn't have copyright so many people would steal people's ideas and people who already have a name for themselves can easily take credit for other people's work because they are well known.  Copyright clearance center is an agency which procures agreements with rights holders. They also are a company that help people license their copyright.

Health and Safety
In TV health and safety will be the same as film as they record the same way.
film health and safety is shown in many different ways. In the film industry you need to do certain things to make sure that you follow the health and safety procedures. If you are filming or producing a project you have to give different staff responsibilities and duties and make sure that everyone knows what their duties are and when and where they are meant to do them. Also there should be a system in place to manage health and safety. There should be different rules and regulations you have to follow to keep everyone and yourself safe. Whilst filming you should have somebody assessing and managing the risks that are or could take place and to make sure that any risks or hazards are stopped from repeating or happening again. Also have someone continuously and frequently reviewing the process you have in place and procedures you are running for managing the risk and hazards. This is a good way of keeping safe when filming because you are constantly reviewing the process and making sure everything is running smoothly without any risks happening. Risk assessments are key to keeping health and safety under control in the film industry. To be able to manage the risks when filming you have to write out risk assessments which are assessments that assess the risk in the workplace. It is required by law to carry out. The risk assessment can help you understand what risks you need to control in more detail. Also when you are filming and producing a project you need permission to use certain things. If you were going to film at a theme park you would need permission to come in and film scenes at that theme park.

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Regulatory Bodies

Ofcom stands for office for communication. The job of Ofcom is to protect viewers and listeners of television and radio from seeing anything harmful or offensive. They main areas they focus on is licensing, research, codes and policies, complaints, competition and protecting anyone from abuse. ASA stands for Advertising Standards Authority. They work on complaints and proactively checking the media to make sure there's no misleading, harmful or offensive advertisements. Their job is to ensure all advertisement in media is legal,  decent, honest and truthful, to the benefit of consumers and society. 

Trade Unions and Professional Bodies

The Producers Alliance for Cinema and Television is the UK trade association for independent content producers in feature film, television, animation, children's and digital media. The National Union of Journalists is a trade union for journalists in the UK. They protect and promote freedom in media, it is an active union where their members campaign and negotiate to ensure that they are rewarded for the work they do.

Unit 4 LOA Funding, Logistics and Codes of Practice Regulations for Film. Part 1 and Part 2.

Unit 4 LOA Funding:

Task A

A private funding is when the sole director finances the film or when a fundraiser or event ends up raising money for the film.  An example of a film which is privately funded is Bright which is a Netflix original film. Netflix is a privately funded film. Sponsorships can also be a way for funding a private project. Crowdfunding is when you get the public to help fund it, an example of a crowdfunder is kickstarter. The aim is to raise a large amount of money from many different people who put a little bit in at a time. Crowdfunding is a good source of funding as it means many people can  help chip in and fund your project.

A public funding is when the government or national and regional agencies pay for films to be made. The money is provided for the director of the film.  An example of a public funded agency is BBC films the government owns BBC and has made films such as Billy Elliot and the Boy in the Striped Pajamas. National and regional agencies are businesses that fund projects for young filmmakers, they are also funded by the government. The creative England fund offer funds for development and production, they are mainly interested in filmmakers who have a really strong regional voice. This is good because they take in young and confident filmmakers and develop them into really good filmmakers who now have experience, 

A joint finance is when a film is financed by more than one business or agency and this could involve private or public agencies. An example of a joint financed project is a film called Badlands which was produced and financed by executive producer Edward Pressman and a director called Terrence Malick. Joint financing is good because if you are a director who has written a storyline and you haven't got the total fund for the project you can team up with an agency who can help out and fund for some of the project.

The difference between public and private funding is that public funding is paid for by the government and private is payed for only by the director themselves or by fundraisers.
Joint financing is very different to public as none of the funding for the film comes from the government. Instead the director can team up with a different company such as Disney, Netflix, Paramount, Universal, Warner Bros, etc...

The finance is the same as digital games.

Task B


The Boy In The Striped Pajamas is a film which was publically funded as it was produced and made by BBC films who are a national or regional agency. The budget of this film was $12.5 million but it had mixed critical response and only made $44.1 million. Our government provides £10 million at least a year into british films. Public funding is usually funded by the BFI-British Film Industry. The BFI tries to help as many filmmaking initiatives as possible. To apply for this you have to submit an application for funding to the right BFI funded programme and wait for a positive decision.

Bright is a Netflix original film. Netflix it a private business and funds all its own projects one of them being the film Bright. This was solely funded by Netflix. 
To get privately funded your project has to be made by a business that isn't funded through the government. Netflix spent $90 million on this project which ended up being the most expensive film they have produced. It had 11 million views in 3 days on netflix. The critics voted it as a 3.8/10 and netflix would most likely not waste another $90 million on a sequel. 

Badlands was financed and produced by Edward Pressman and Terrence Malick. Malick funded $25,000 for the project and Edward funded the rest of the money for the project. This is an example of joint financing to create a joint financed film you have to have two or more people who pay for it. Warner Bros ended up purchasing and distributing the film for just under $1 million which mean Edward and Malick made there money back from what they put into the film.

Unit 4 LOA Logistics:

What are the key stages of funding film in an industry?

One of the key stages in funding a film is time. When funding for a film you have to think of your deadlines for filming and paying for equipment and personnel. You need to also think about the availability of equipment and personnel. You need to have equipment to film and you need to make sure you have enough time to acquire or use the equipment. Also you need to make sure you can get the right personnel who are able to film, edit, produce and act when you need them to. Another key stage of funding a film is facilities. You need to have the right facilities for your production equipment otherwise you won't be able to use it. Production business, house and studio or a production team provide the works for films. The cost of facilities will need to be looked at and payed for in advance. Location is another key stage of funding a film because you need to make sure it's not too far away and that it is where the weather will affect filming as well as paying for the cost of the place you are buying or hiring. You need to look at the risks involved in different locations as you need to pay for anything dangerous that happens or to fix anything that could be a risk to anyone. Personnel is another key stage in funding a film. You need to pay for technical crew, actors, extras and contributors as well as paying for training for anyone who needs it. Also you need to fund computer software to be able to edit and produce films. Digital games have the same logistics as film apart from personnel.

Unit 4 LOA Codes of Practice and Regulations:

Copyright/Copyright Clearances

Copyright in film production is when a legal right is given to the originator of a film for a certain amount of time. The originator has exclusive rights to determine whether the original work they created can be used by others. Copyright protects the visual images and sound of a film. Visual images, sound recordings, music and dramatic works in a film are all copyrighted too. If you are guilty of breaking copyright laws then you will be ordered to pay damages or pay legal fees. The statutory damages can be a fine from £200-£150,000. An example of copyright in film is Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark. In 1981, a lawsuit for £200 million was filed, by a man called Stanley Rader and his colleague Robert Kuhn, against Paramount Pictures, Steven Spielberg and George Lucas. They claimed that the film was a copy of their unpublished novel Ark. Stanley and Robert sent Ark to ICM in 1977. Spielberg and Lucas were given access to the material. They were told by ICM that their project had great potential for commercial success. Copyright is needed in the film industry because if you didn't have copyright so many people would steal people's ideas and people who already have a name for themselves can easily take credit for other people's work because they are well known. Young filmmakers wouldn't stand a chance if there was no copyright as they wouldn't get anywhere without the big names taking their ideas. Copyright clearance center is an agency which procures agreements with rights holders. They also are a company that help people license their copyright.

Health and Safety
In film health and safety is shown in many different ways. In the film industry you need to do certain things to make sure that you follow the health and safety procedures. If you are filming or producing a project you have to give different staff responsibilities and duties and make sure that everyone knows what their duties are and when and where they are meant to do them. Also there should be a system in place to manage health and safety. There should be different rules and regulations you have to follow to keep everyone and yourself safe. Whilst filming you should have somebody assessing and managing the risks that are or could take place and to make sure that any risks or hazards are stopped from repeating or happening again. Also have someone continuously and frequently reviewing the process you have in place and procedures you are running for managing the risk and hazards. This is a good way of keeping safe when filming because you are constantly reviewing the process and making sure everything is running smoothly without any risks happening. Risk assessments are key to keeping health and safety under control in the film industry. To be able to manage the risks when filming you have to write out risk assessments which are assessments that assess the risk in the workplace. It is required by law to carry out. The risk assessment can help you understand what risks you need to control in more detail. Also when you are filming and producing a project you need permission to use certain things. If you were going to film at a theme park you would need permission to come in and film scenes at that theme park.

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Regulatory Bodies

Ofcom stands for office for communication. The job of Ofcom is to protect viewers and listeners of television and radio from seeing anything harmful or offensive. They main areas they focus on is licensing, research, codes and policies, complaints, competition and protecting anyone from abuse. ASA stands for Advertising Standards Authority. They work on complaints and proactively checking the media to make sure there's no misleading, harmful or offensive advertisements. Their job is to ensure all advertisement in media is legal,  decent, honest and truthful, to the benefit of consumers and society. IPSO is the Independent Press Standards Organisation. It is an independent regulator for newspapers and magazines in the UK. They hold magazines and newspapers to account for their actions, protest individual rights and sustain high standards of journalism and help to maintain freedom of expression for the press. 

BBFC:
U-Suitable for all:

Discrimination- No discriminatory language is acceptable.

Drugs- Can only be included if its an anti-drug message for young children.

Imitable behaviour- No imitable behaviour.

Language- Infrequent use of extremely mild bad language.

Nudity- No sexual content and occasional nudity.

Sex- Only kissing and mild reference.

Threat- Only if its mild and the outcome is reassuring.

Violence- Will be very mild if it is justified by context.

PG-Parental Guidance:

Discrimination- Only used if its in a historical context.

Drugs- No only if its mentioned in an innocent way

Imitable behaviour- No dangerous behaviour.

Language- Mild bad language only.

Nudity- May be nudity, no sexual content.

Sex- Discreet and mild sex references.

Threat- Scary scenes when a character is in danger are only for a short period.

Violence- Will usually be mild.

12A/12-Suitable for anyone age appropriate:

Discrimination-Is very unlikely to be acceptable.

Drugs- Misuse of drugs are infrequent.

Imitable behaviour- No dangerous behaviour viewers would copy.

Language- Moderate language, strong language can be allowed depending on the use of it.

Nudity- May be nudity and sexual content will be discreet and short.

Sex- Only discreetly and for a small time.

Threat- Moderate threat and horror sequences. 

Violence- Moderate violence.

15-Suitable for only 15 years and above:

Discrimination- Yes there can be discriminatory language.

Drugs- Drug use can be shown but not in a positive way.

Imitable behaviour- Weapons can be used but dangerous behaviour shouldn't be in detail.

Language- Strong language.

Nudity- No rules on nudity but sexual content is allowed but it can't be in strong detail. 

Sex- Will be be portrayed but only im brief detail. 

Threat- May be a strong threat and horror.

Violence- Strong violence but no detail.

18-Suitable for only adults:

In an 18 rated movie it can contain:

• Material in breach of the law or an act of criminal offence.
• Material where there is harm to individuals being caused.
• Drug use.
• Dangerous activities or behaviour.
• Cause of harm to public health or morals.
• Sexual Violence.
• Explicit images of sexual activity.

R18-Shown only in special licensed cinemas:

This category is very special and is restricted to only certain licensed sex shops and for adults only. The content is consented sex or strong fetish material involving adults.

Trade Unions and Professional Bodies

The Producers Alliance for Cinema and Television is the UK trade association for independent content producers in feature film, television, animation, children's and digital media. The National Union of Journalists is a trade union for journalists in the UK. They protect and promote freedom in media, it is an active union where their members campaign and negotiate to ensure that they are rewarded for the work they do.

Part 2

Indie Distribution
An indie film is a film is a film that is private and not owned, produced or distributed by a major big budget company. They are independent films that are produced outside the major film studio system. They are also distributed by independent entertainment companies who are not working with the big budget companies. An example of an indie film is Extinction. This is an original film created by Netflix as its not owned by a big budget film it isn't aired in cinemas as Netflix don't distribute their original content into cinemas but it is aired on Netflix. If you don't have a film studio you could film something and put it on You Tube and hope someone likes it, also you could go round different film festivals and show of your ideas to small film companies. 

Big Budget Distribution
Big budget films are expensive made films which are guaranteed to make a profit. As Well as being made and produced by the biggest companies in the film industry. An example of a big budget film is Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows part 2. This was created and produced  by Warner Bros in association with Heyday films and was also distributed by Warner Bros distribution company, Warner distributions. These big budget companies have it easy when distributing films as they have their own distribution services but compared to indie films they can easily produce and distribute and indie films have to do it a much harder way and try and make their way up whilst big budget films can easily get their project out to their audience.

Publishers and Film Studios

Film studios are the places where the films are produced and created and publishers are the people who publish them and distribute them out. 

Vertical Integration:

Vertical Integration is when you have a production company who are the people who create a film who then work with a distribution company who are the people getting the project out for the audience. Finally exchange is the money and sales they receive for their project. For example warner bros produce a film then they hand it over to Warner distributions who distribute the film out. An example of this is Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows part 2. It was produced by Warner Bros in association with Heyday films. This was then distributed by Warner distributions. 

Horizontal Integration:

Horizontal Integration is when you have one big company that owns lots of different companies. These companies all produce their own films with the owner's permission then hands it over to the big company for distribution. For example Disney own companies such as:
Marvel, Lucas films, Pixar, 20/21 century fox , Disney films and many more. These companies all [produce their own films such as Marvel producing Avengers infinity war. This film was made by marvel but distributed by Disney because they are the big company that owns them.

Synergy:
Synergy is  an act involved in aiding films to produce more revenue than they normally would. It is the interaction between two or more companies produce an effect greater than what they would achieve in their own. For example a film such as Venom is followed on from the comics and could continue to make sequels and a tv series. Also merchandise will be released, posters, action figures, toys and video games could all follow from a comic book and the film. This is a synergy effect.

Pre-Production
This is the process which becomes before production and post-production. This is the planning stage it ends when the planning is finished and finalised. In filmmaking it begins once a project has been given the permission to go ahead. Financing will be confirmed by this stage and then many key elements such as cast members, director and cinematographer are already arranged. At the end of this the screenplay, script and storyboards are finalised  and all props, locations, cast, costumes, special effects and visual effects are identified. Then you have to check with all the stakeholder and financers.
Production
Production is the second step in making a film following on from pre-production and eventually leading on to post-production. Production is the filming of the film it includes setting up scenes, capturing raw footage and usage of set designs. In the production stage more crew members will be added such as a script supervisor, assistant directors, more photographers, image editor, sound editors and a property master. Usually when you film in different locations you end up filming for 14-18 hours a day. 
Post-Production
Post-production is the final stage of filming it follows on from production. In film post-production is the tasks that must be completed after the filming ends. The tasks included are editing raw footage(raw footage is footage that is untouched its not edited or been tampered with) you have to cut scenes, insert transition effects, colour correction and voice and sound actors need to be used and hired if not already. Post production is much longer then the actual filming stage it usually takes around 7 months to completely finish and finalise this.  Overall production is a long process then takes around 1 year to complete before its distributed into cinemas and stores worldwide.

This article is taken from the newspaper Herald Sports which has a Scottish and an Irish version. This news paper is very popular in Scotland and Ireland, but the Irish version has caused a lot of controversy between two big celebrities Romelu Lukaku who is a professional footballer for Manchester United and Stormzy who is a rapper. The article was meant to be about if Romelu can fill the big shoes of Zlatan Ibrahimovic after his departure from manchester United. The report itself wasn't controversial but the image used for Lukaku was in fact an image of Stormzy in an official Manchester United tracksuit. Lukaku who is pictured in official Manchester United home kit and stormzy have been involved in a racist article. Because of their skin colour, body build, facial hair, etc.. They have been mixed up an uneducated editor has made a mistake but surely that couldn't have happened. Newspapers are checked by multiple people before being published so surely one of them would have seen that it obviously is Lukaku not Stormzy. So it possibly could have be done on purpose as a racist movement but it is most likely just a mistake made by uneducated editors.

Digetic, Non Digetic and Meta Digetic sound

Digetic, Non Digetic and Meta Digetic sound.

The Maze Runner 3 the Death Cure.

DEFINITIONS
Diegetic sound- A sound present in the characters world.

Non-Diegetic sound- Something only the viewers can hear such as music.

Meta-Diegetic sound- A sound both diegetic and nondiegetic. A sound both the audience and the character within a scene.

Synchronous sound- A sound that is matched by the action taking place within the scene. Such as footsteps matching the characters walking action.

Asynchronous sound- A sound that does not correlate with any action taking place within the scene. 
For example the sound of an ambulance siren during an intense scene.
0:35-1:35
Diegetic Sound:The sound of the maze breaking as Minho and Thomas run. Helicopter noises are in the background. Thomas shouting 'Minho' while he is being dragged into a helicopter.


Non-Diegetic Sound: 35 seconds to 38 seconds. The loud dramatic music in the background. The antagonists are talking over the top while the current scene is happening.


Meta-Diegetic Sound:

True Detective-Life is a dream:
How is sound used in this film clip to create meaning?
The music creates meaning by starting off slow and quite then building up becoming more intense and the music makes you feel intense. The music is a non diegetic. When one of the men starts speaking it cuts off to a shot of a green field and some run down houses adding cricket noises and the noises of the trees and wind, whilst the mans voice is still heard, this is non- diegetic sound. Diegetic sound is used when the mans cigarette is burning. It is louder then its meant to be to create tension. It sounds crackly which can sound quite tense.

The Nun-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvSCsNFokak

Before sound:
In the nun film trailer when I watched it without sound it did not look right at all. It is meant to be a jump scare horror type of film and whenever there is a jump scare the nuns run out or brake something and the same effect is not there. Also when it cuts to an image of it saying before the conjuring and before annabelle it confuses me as I don't know why its said that there's no sound so I don't understand why it's happening and nothing makes sense.

After sound:
The narrative explains that thenu is part of the conjuring universe containing the conjuring films and annabelle films. It makes a much bigger effect then having no sound at all. The music makes the trailer more intense and makes you feel like you are in the trailer.

Photography

Photography

Top 10 Compositional Rules

1) Rule of Thirds

The rule of thirds is a term used in photography. It is dissected into 9 squares with 4 intersection points placed where the lines all meet.

2)Balancing Elements

This is where you place the main object off centre as then it will create a more interesting photo to look at. To avoid leaving a void you should have a less important object to fill the void, for example in this picture the main image is the stones and the less important object is the clouds.

3)Leaning Lines

This is when your eye is drawn to a line and it leads to the main object of the image. 

Doctor Foster Stuart Hall Theroy

The Stuart Hall Theory

The Stuart Hall theory is when an active audience is being engaged the interpretation of media texts rather than passive watchers.

I thought the episode of Doctor Foster was about two women who recently had tension between them. The preferred audience for this is probably women as it is about a previous conflict between women. The oppositional audience is probably men who aren't interested in that sort of show. The negotiated audience is anyone really its something you are either interested in or not.

Image Layering

I created this image on photoshop. What I did is I dragged my image from my folder into photoshop. After that I unlocked the background later by duplicating it and deleting the first original one. Then I selected a third of the image and went to image then adjustment then hue/saturation. I had the choice to make it any colour. After that I turned the opacity down to 53%. I repeated this for the other thirds and then merged the layers then deleted the useless layers. Then I moved the layer around using the select tool to create a 3D effect.

In this magazine the font compliments what the magazine is about by having font which is art and creative like the magazines content. The title of the magazine is big and bold but still creative and arty.

This magazines font has the title in big bold serif font which shows its more modern but the 'LOSE YOUR GUT!' title is in sans. The smaller font is the titles of the content included in the magazine.

In this magazine the title 'ROLL STEP' is in a cartoon writing meaning it could be targeting a certain audience. The headline 'Direct the way' is in serif writing. The small headlines are in sans text.

Representation of women in vintage adverts.

In this poster it is not trying to sell anything at all it literally is an advertisement for free booklets on how to train your wife as if she's a dog.

Media effects in video games

There is loads of different views on whether video games cause violence upon kids and teens. A lot of people argue that they do cause violence but I don't agree.

One person who does think video games cause violence is Trump. "The level of violence on video games is really shaping young people's thoughts" Trump said this after the valentine's day shooting. The level of violence is restricted to certain age groups who are able to tolerate that stuff at whatever age. Trump claims that the level of violence in video games and movies is the reason gun crime and violence has increased in the US. In my opinion I believe Trump needs to control gun usage by making it illegal to buy or carry a gun around with you unless you are a police officer, security guard and etc...

In my opinion I believe that violent video games do not cause violence as sports games can cause anger too. For example fifa is a non-violent video game and people still get angry because of that so I believe that people get stressed over not winning. This link is an example of how a non-violent game can cause such violence. A man was playing in a madden contest and he lost a game and was knocked out he went to his care angrily came back and was carrying a gun and started shooting people before shooting himself, 2 people were killed and more were injured.
https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/26/us/jacksonville-madden-shooting/index.html


The Bobo Doll Experiment.
A scientist would be aggressive towards an inflatable doll whilst a kid would watch. Then the kid would be put in a room and copy what the person did and start beating the doll up. This is because people believe and mirror anything we watch. This may mean that the media will portray video games as something people copy but people play the games for enjoyment not to hurt people.

Hypodermic Needle Theory/Magic Bullet.
The hypodermic theory, also known as the magic bullet, is a test to see if we copy the media's messages. An example of this is war of the worlds. This occured in the year of 1938 on halloween when an actor appeared on a radio show. He was doing the normal radio show but continued to interrupt with breaking news about how things were crashing into the ground on a farm in new jersey. Then went on to say how martians were invading our planet. Then they reported that the martians were killed by microbes not humans. The public and listeners were sent in to an outbreak and its all because of one broadcast hoax. This test does not just show that people listen to everything they hear but also it tells us how effective mass media is on us. 

Magazine cover elements

The masthead in this magazine cover is the logo of GQ.
The cover lines will be around the text on the middle right and middle left. The main cover line will be the text which says 'Boy Wonder Joseph Gordon-Levitt'. The selling line is the line which is located under the GQ logo which says 'Look Sharp- Live Smart'. The main image is the man centred in the middle he stands out and the main focus is on him because there is nothing in the the background. The splash in this magazine is the red box located in the low middle right.

Task 1: Explain one way that red has been used in Image 1 to create meaning for the audience. (2 marks)

Red has been used as it stands out for the audience. The red is being shown to show off the magazines special offers and free posters which would appeal to the audience.

Task 2: Explain two ways that typography is used in Image 2 to create meaning for the reader. (4 marks)

 The main headline is big bold and flashy which shows the reader what the today's big headline is about.  Also the title of the magazine is in bold black letters in the top left hand corner. This creates meaning for the reader because the reader can consistently recognise the magazine if they know what the logo is.

Task 3: Compare design features of the two magazine front covers in relation to the audience, using relevant terminology.

The Radio Times is a magazine which is based on television and radio as you can tell from the front cover. The Big issue is about world politics and the main topic seems to be about Donald Trump. The first magazine has every image quite close together and you can tell what the main topic is in the magazine however in the second magazine you can tell that its about trump when you see a huge image of him holding the world in his hands. The second magazine uses the font to emphasizes certain words which would attract the audience such as 'worst' and 'happen...'. Other words which are less important are in smaller font to make the bigger font stand out more and the font is an arty type. In the first magazine all the font is the same type but the title and the main headline are in a bigger font which is different to the second one as the second one has words in the headlines bigger then the other.

Rationale

Scenario: You are being asked by Queen Mary’s College to construct materials for their advertisement campaign. The end result will be a poster that contains original, edited photographs and original text. 

Target Audience: The target audience of this would be people looking to apply for colleges and parents looking for a place right for their kids. They won't have decided what college they want to attend yet so we have to convince them that qmc is the college for them. 

Existing information about the college: The college has 2000-2400 students not including the people who drop out and also 1200 people join each year. The college has a very good atmosphere and very good facilities, It has facilities such as a gym which is only £30 for two years and that includes access to the swimming pool they have multiple food points there's a cafe in the spectrum and there's a canteen with a costa next door. There is a music block with recording equipment and lots of instruments there is also a TV studio for media students. We have an astro turf as well for our football team. The college has spent £20 million. We do courses from level 1 through to level 3 aswell as a levels. Here at QMC we have some of the best pass rates in the country for a levels and btecs. 

Other advertisement campaigns that are similar:  This advert would be similar to the one I would make as it has students talking and walking with each other with the college in the backdrop. This is the sort of thing I would do with my campaign.

   The image of the BCOT advertisement is similar to something most colleges do but it's simple and works. What I would do is take more shots like these but in places we have around the college like the music block, tv studio, gym, canteen, costa, astro turf and others. 

Initial ideas as to what kind of photographs will be used: Photos of college students smiling talking to each other outside costa or in reception. Take a photo of costa or students buying something from them. Also you could take a picture of the gym or the sports hall and the astro too to show off all the facilities QMC has to offer.

Photo-shoot plan
Where am I going to be taking the images? (Location/ place/ time)	I will be taking these pictures around the college campus. I will be taking these images over the course of Monday the 8th of October. This will take place during the middle of the day.
Who will be in my images? (Subjects)	I will take pictures of the different areas around the college as well as students and staff around the campus.
What positions will the subjects be doing? (If any)	Acting as if they are continuing their normal college life.
What camera settings will I need to use?	Aperture which is measured in f numbers. I would use larger f numbers so I can have everything in focus.
What props will I be using?	My surroundings and class room objects such as pens, pencils, books, chairs, tables, computers and bag.
What lighting will you use? (natural light or light sources if so what light sources)	Natural lighting or outdoor lighting as well as indoor lights.
What camera setting and techniques will you be using?	Rules of thirds. Leading lines. Patterns. Symmetry/Asymmetry
What experiments or editing techniques will you be using?	When I edit them in Photoshop I will use techniques such as image layering, hue colouring, brightness, saturation and crop to make a nice effect.

This is my mood board and my photo-shoot plan.












I started off by going out and taking photos around the college I took quite a few but only 1 or 2 of them were good quality. So then I continued to take photos over the course of the next day.

When I collected the photos and put them in my folder I then transferred them into photoshop and started placing them in position and making them the right size. Then I added the QMC logo and centred it and then I started adding text boxes to the poster and adding information to it. After I merged all the layers to create a final poster and then saved it as a Jpeg.